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Assigning Access Privileges for Directories and
Files 
Before changing the access privileges, save your current settings. This procedure is only relevant for database instances up to version 7.4 (inclusive).
Enter the following commands:
cd /usr/sap
ls -lR > sap_perm.txt
cd /sapmnt
ls -lR > sap_sw.txt
cd
/sapdb/<SID>
ls -lR > sapdb_perm.txt (as of database version 7.5, only the root
user can access these directories, with either read or write
accesses)
To change the access privileges for a file or a directory, use the chmod command as shown below:
chmod <access_privileges_in_octal_format> <file_or_directory>

chmod 750 /sapdb/<SID>/sap*
chmod 750 /sapdb/<SID>/sapdata/*
chmod 750 /sapdb/<SID>/saplog/*
.
.

Do not use chmodrecursively. It is very easy to make unintended changes to authorizations when doing so.
